Conservation and persistence of spin currents and their relation to the Lieb-Schulz-Mattis twist operators

Systems with spin-orbit coupling do not conserve "bare" spin current $\bf{j}$. A recent proposal for a conserved spin current $\bf{J}$ [J. Shi {\it et.al} Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 96}, 076604 (2006)] does not flow persistently in equilibrium. We suggest another conserved spin current $\bar{\bf{J}}$ that may flow persistently in equilibrium. We give two arguments for the instability of persistent current of the form $\bf{J}$: one based on the equations of motions and another based on a variational construction using Lieb-Schulz-Mattis twist operators. In the absence of spin-orbit coupling, the three forms of spin current coincide.Comment: 5 pages; added references, simplified notation, clearer introductio

HR performance within Saudi Arabian organisations : is the relationship between 'job security and ill-treatment' and job satisfaction moderated by organisational support : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Business Studies in Management at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand

HR performance, particularly employees’ performance, has been well researched in Western countries. However, many Asian countries, including the region of the Arabic Gulf, are still under-researched in relation to this subject. This present study quantitatively investigated employees’ performance in one of the Gulf countries, Saudi Arabia. In addition, it took into consideration the religion (Islam) as well as the cultural characteristics that may affect performance in the workplace. Particularly, the type of society (collectivistic), losing face issue and power distance are the cultural characteristics discussed in this study. Furthermore, the study used four variables, which are considered important in relation to employees’ performance in the Saudi context: job security, ill-treatment (independent variables), perceived organisational support (POS) as a moderating variable and job satisfaction (dependent/outcome variable). The research question for this study is “Is the relationship between job security and ill-treatment, and job satisfaction, moderated by organisational support?” Previous research indicates that relationships between these variables vary in terms of how much they impact employees’ job satisfaction and, therefore, their performance. Some studies suggest that job security increases employees’ job satisfaction which can result in better performance. Others claim that ill-treatment can be a source of job dissatisfaction and lower the quality of job performance as ill-treatment impacts employees physically and psychologically. In addition, POS was found to have positive effects on job satisfaction as a higher level of support from organisations can lead to higher job satisfaction and performance. This cross-sectional, quantitative study used a questionnaire as the data collection method. Measurement scales used in the study were previously used in other studies, which strengthens the internal validity of this study. The 424 participants who completed the survey were Saudi employees who were required to have worked for at least six months for the same employer as full-time employees in Saudi Arabia. Results from this study suggest that, on an individual level, all three variables (job security, ill-treatment, POS) predicted job satisfaction in Saudi organisations. However, the regression analysis showed that job security had the biggest effect on job satisfaction followed by ill-treatment. Also, the moderation analysis revealed that the relationship between job security and job satisfaction was partially moderated by POS. However, POS did not appear to moderate the relationship between ill-treatment and job satisfaction

The relationship between ecrm implementation and eloyalty at different adoption stages of transaction cycle: A conceptual framework and hypothesis

The purpose of this paper is to propose a model for the relationship between eCRM and E-loyalty by conceptualizing that e-loyalty is influenced by e-satisfaction, e-trust, and multi-dimensional aspects of eCRM. In order to capture the full picture for this relationship, we attempt to cover the complete purchase experience by focusing on transaction cycle (Pre-Purchase, A-Purchase, and Post- Purchase).different Components of eCRM have differing effects on e-loyalty. This study strengthens the literature by adding different components of eCRM as a possible critical antecedent in the model of e-loyalty development and attempts to build a stronger holistic model by including eCRM features

Probe Branes Thermalization in External Electric and Magnetic Fields

We study thermalization on rotating probe branes in AdS_5 x S^5 background in the presence of constant external electric and magnetic fields. In the AdS/CFT framework this corresponds to thermalization in the flavour sector in field theory. The horizon appears on the worldvolume of the probe brane due to its rotation in one of the sphere directions. For both electric and magnetic fields the behaviour of the temperature is independent of the probe brane dimension. We also study the open string metric and the fluctuations of the probe brane in such a set-up. We show that the temperatures obtained from open string metric and observed by the fluctuations are larger than the one calculated from the induced metric.Comment: 27 pages, 7 figure

Ultrafine conducting fibers: metallization of poly(acrylonitrile-co-glycidyl methacrylate) nanofibers

Electrospun poly(glycidylmethacrylate) (PGMA) and poly(acrylonitrile-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (P(AN-GMA)) nanofibers were coated with monodisperse silver nanoparticles by using an electroless plating technique at ambient conditions. Oxirane groups on the surface of nanofibers were replaced with reducing agent, hydrazine. Surface modified nanofibers were allowed to react with ammonia solution of AgNO3. A redox reaction takes place and metallic silver nucleate on fibers surface. Parameters affecting the particle size were determined